Ovotesticular DSD: Meaning, Anatomy, and Development
Ovotesticular DSD is an intersex variation in which a person has both ovarian and testicular tissue, either separately or within an ovotestis.
Sex Chromosome Variation: Meaning, Types, and Examples
A sex chromosome variation is a natural difference in the number, structure, or arrangement of X or Y chromosomes, such as X, XXX, XXY, or XYY.
Variation in Sex Characteristics: Meaning and Examples
A variation in sex characteristics is a natural difference involving chromosomes, hormones, gonads, genitals, reproductive organs, or puberty-related traits.
Facial Masculinization Surgery: Meaning and Procedures
Facial masculinization surgery includes individualized procedures that reshape selected facial or neck features to appear or feel more masculine.
Chest Masculinization: Meaning, Techniques, and Recovery
Chest masculinization creates a flatter or more masculine chest through surgery, binding, clothing, exercise, or other gender-affirming methods.
Breast Augmentation for Gender Affirmation: Meaning and Risks
Breast augmentation for gender affirmation uses implants, fat transfer, or both to create a chest shape that supports a person’s gender-related goals.
Orchiectomy: Meaning, Procedure, Effects, and Risks
Orchiectomy is surgery to remove one or both testicles for cancer treatment, hormone reduction, gender affirmation, or other medical reasons.
Vaginoplasty: Meaning, Techniques, Recovery, and Risks
Vaginoplasty creates or reconstructs a vagina and may include a vulva, clitoris, labia, vaginal canal, and repositioned urethral opening.
Phalloplasty: Meaning, Procedure, Benefits, and Risks
Phalloplasty creates or reconstructs a penis using tissue from another body area and may include urinary, scrotal, or erectile reconstruction.
Metoidioplasty: Meaning, Procedure, Benefits, and Risks
Metoidioplasty is gender-affirming surgery that creates a penis from testosterone-enlarged clitoral tissue, with optional urinary and scrotal reconstruction.