Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Symptoms, Causes, and Care
Primary ovarian insufficiency causes reduced or unpredictable ovarian function before age 40 and may affect periods, estrogen, fertility, bones, and sexual comfort.
Luteinizing Hormone: Function, LH Surge, and Testing
Luteinizing hormone is a pituitary hormone that triggers ovulation, supports progesterone production, and stimulates testosterone production in the testes.
Estradiol: Function, Levels, Testing, and Sexual Health
Estradiol is a major estrogen hormone involved in menstrual cycles, ovulation, fertility, bone health, sexual development, and genital tissue health.
Progesterone: Function, Testing, Pregnancy, and Fertility
Progesterone is a reproductive hormone that rises after ovulation, prepares the uterine lining, supports pregnancy, and influences menstruation and fertility.
Prolactin: Function, High Levels, Symptoms, and Testing
Prolactin is a pituitary hormone that supports milk production and influences ovulation, menstruation, sex hormones, fertility, and sexual function.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a hormonal and metabolic condition that may affect ovulation, periods, androgen activity, fertility, skin, and long-term health.
Follicular Phase: Meaning, Hormones, Length, and Fertility
The follicular phase begins on the first day of menstruation and ends with ovulation as follicles develop and estrogen rebuilds the uterine lining.
Luteal Phase: Meaning, Hormones, Length, and Fertility
The luteal phase begins after ovulation, when progesterone prepares the uterine lining for implantation, and ends when menstruation starts.
Ovarian Reserve: Meaning, Tests, and Fertility Limits
Ovarian reserve describes the remaining quantity of eggs in the ovaries and helps predict response to fertility treatment, not natural pregnancy with certainty.
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH): Function and Fertility Testing
Anti-Müllerian hormone supports fetal reproductive development and is used as one marker of ovarian reserve and expected response to fertility treatment.