Reproductive Endocrinology: Hormones, Fertility, and Care
Reproductive endocrinology studies and treats hormones involved in puberty, menstruation, ovulation, sperm production, fertility, and reproductive aging.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Function and Testing
Follicle-stimulating hormone is a pituitary hormone that supports ovarian follicle development, sperm production, puberty, menstrual cycles, and fertility.
Vulvodynia: Symptoms, Types, Causes, and Treatment
Vulvodynia is persistent or recurring vulvar pain that may feel like burning, stinging, rawness, aching, or tenderness with or without touch.
Morning Erection: Meaning, Causes, and Sexual Health
A morning erection is an automatic sleep-related erection present upon waking and does not necessarily indicate sexual thoughts, desire, or consent.
Vestibulodynia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Vestibulodynia is persistent or recurring pain at the vulvar vestibule, often triggered by penetration, tampon use, touch, pressure, or sitting.
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Pelvic floor dysfunction occurs when pelvic muscles are weak, overly tight, painful, or poorly coordinated, affecting bladder, bowel, pelvic, or sexual function.
Erectile Rigidity: Meaning, Causes, and Sexual Function
Erectile rigidity is the degree of firmness reached during an erection and depends on blood flow, nerve signals, erectile tissue, and blood retention.
Nocturnal Erection: Meaning, Causes, and Sexual Health
A nocturnal erection is an automatic erection during sleep, commonly associated with REM sleep and normal penile nerve and blood-flow activity.
Pudendal Nerve: Function, Pain, and Sexual Sensation
The pudendal nerve carries genital, perineal, and anal sensation while helping control pelvic-floor muscles and urinary and bowel sphincters.
Corpus Spongiosum: Anatomy, Function, and Sexual Role
The corpus spongiosum is erectile tissue surrounding the penile urethra that forms the glans and remains flexible during erection and ejaculation.